Wednesday, September 26, 2018

Lincoln Questions

Lincoln Questions
1) Lincoln was uncompromising in the fact that he would not let others opinions change how he felt about slavery. Thaddeus Stevens thought that slaves should be free, and equal under the law, despite the fact that many disagreed with him. In the movie, Thaddeus does say that he believes slaves are only equal under the law, not every part of daily life. 
2) I think the movie does a good job of portraying the way Lincoln's feelings towards slavery changes. While he has always had a disdain for slavery because of the way it violates our moral principals, he moves to a hatred for it because of not only the way it violates our moral principals but also because it is increasingly disrupting the state of our nation. 
3) Lincoln desperately wanted the 13th Amendment to be passed because it seemed like it would be the best way to end fighting between the north and the south, but also to end slavery which he had always been against. 
4) The film used many different scenes to express the different views of the northerners and southerners feelings towards racial equality. One of the biggest reasons they highlighted why the south did not want slaves to be freed was because of the fear that they would have the same voting rights as them. Because if the slaves are now given the ability to vote, they could completely change the way things were being run. For the northerners, however, wanted to end slavery but didn't necessarily want racial equality because they too had many of the same fears as the southerners. 
5) In the film, many people were scared to end slavery primarily because of the radical change it would bring to the nation. This had been apart of our way of life for so long it was scary for them to imagine slaves who they had dehumanized for so long, to now have rights just like themselves. 

Thursday, September 20, 2018

Civil War Letters Collections

Civil War Letters Collections
Civil War Love Letters
This letter is sent by J.C. Morris from a camp near Lanjer, Ark. It was written in May of 1863. The letter is written to his wife, Mrs. Amanda Morris. The main purpose of his letter to tell his wife how much he loves and misses her while also giving her brief details of his war experience thus far.

"May 10th 1863.

My Dear Amanda,
It has been a long time since I had an opportunity of writing to you, and I gladly avail myself of the present opportunity. I am not certain that I will have a chance of sending this but I will write a few lines any how and try and get it off to let you know that I am among the living.
We have been on a raid into Ms. but I have not time to give you the particulars of our trip. I will write in a few days if I can get a chance to send it and write you a long one. I just came off of picket and found the boys all writing to send by a man that has been discharged who is going to start home this morning. I was quite sick three or four days while in Mo. but have entirely recovered. We captured a good many prisoners while in Mo. and killed a good many. We went up as high as Jackson 8 or 10 miles above Cape Girardeau. We fought them nearly all day at the Cape on Sunday two weeks ago today. The yanks boasted that we would never get back to Ark but they were badly mistaken, for we are back again and have sustained but very light loss, we never lost a man out of our company and only one or two out of the regt. I wish I had time to give you a full description of our trip. It would be very interesting to you I know; but you will have to put up with this little scrawl for the present. I am in hopes that I will get a whole package of letters from you in a few days. I never wanted to see you half as bad in all my life as I do now. I would give anything in the world to see you and the children. I have no idea when I will have that pleasure. We can't get any news here - do not know what is going on in the outside world. The boys will all write as soon as they get a chance to send them off.
We will remain in this vicinity, I expect for some time to recruit our horses. Our horses are sadly worsted. We found plenty to eat and to feed our horses on in Mo but hardly even had time to feed or eat as we traveled almost insesantly night and day. We could get any amount of bacon of the very best kind at 10 cts and every thing else in proportion.
I must close for fear I do not get to send my letter off. Write offten I will get them some time. I will write every chance, do not be uneasy when you do not get letters, for when we are scouting around as we have been it is impossible to write or to send them off if we did write. Give my love to the old Lady and all the friends. My love and a thousand kisses to my own sweet Amanda and our little boys. How my heart yearns for thou that are so near and dear to me. Goodbye my own sweet wife, for the present. Direct to Little Rock as ---.

As ever your devoted and loving Husband, J.C. Morris.

Mrs. A.N. Morris." 
letter #1


This letter is written from William F. Testerman to a girl by the name of Jane Davis. The letter was written in late July of 1864. He speaks primarily about the previous letters he has received from Jane and how much he enjoyed them.

"July 25, 1864

Dear Miss,
I again take the opportunity of Droping you a few lines in answer to your kind letters which I recieved a few days ago one bearing date June"23" the other June the "24"it was a plesure to me to have the honor to recieve a letter from as charming a young girl as the one whos name was asscirbed at the bottom of each of them I was glad to hear that you was well but I was more glad to hear you express your mind as fully as what you did this note leaves me well and I truly hope that this will find you in good health I can't say anthing to you by letter more than what you have heard from my letters before + Jane I hope the time will soon come when I can get to see you again I can write many things to you but if I could see you I could tell you more in one minute than I can rite in aweek The letters that you wrote to me has proved verry satisfactory to meif you will stand up to what you told me in your letters I will be satisfied which I have no reasons to Doubt but what you will but if you was to fail it would allmost break my heart for you are the girl that Iam Depending upon and if it was not for you I would not be riting by mycandle to night as you wrote to me that many miles seperated us in person if my heart was like yours we would be united in heart you kneed not to Dout Though we are fare apart at present my heart is with you everymoment for I often think of you when you are alseep when Travailing the lonesom roads in middle Tenn The thought of your sweet smiles is all the company I have I trust that you are cinsere in what you have wrote to me.Your sparkling blue eys and rosey red cheeks has gaind my whole efectionsI hope for the time to come when we shall meet again then if you are in the notion that I am we can pass off the time in plesure My time has come for sleep and I must soon close I want you to rite to me as soon as you can for I will be glad to hear from you any time.Direct your letters as before and dont forget your best friend so I will end my few lines but mylove to you has no Endremember me as ever your love and friend. Excusebad riting.
William F. Testerman to Miss Jane Davis" letter #2

This letter is written from "H Black" to a woman named Mollie. It was written in November of 1863. In this letter, he writes about a young woman whom he found very attractive, the woman he is writing the letter to, Mollie.

Sunday night, Nov. 1 [1863]

My dear Mollie
I rcd a letter today from a very handsome lady to play cupid. Although not accompanied by her likeness yet her image was so indelibly impressed upon my mind that the likeness itself could not recall the features more vividly than they are impressed. I first met her in a village in Western Va when I was about 17 years old and she 8. I afterwards saw her frequently and occasionally was in her company, and nonwithstanding the disparity of our ages, I became so favorably impressed with her fair face and gentle manners that I frequently said to myself that I wished she was older or I younger.
In 3 to 4 years she had grown so much that the disparity in age seemed to grow less. Never did a lady witness the budding of a flower with more requisite pleasure than did I the budding of that pretty little girl into womanhood. She made much of my thoughts while in Mexico and more upon my return home. While at the University of Va., I not infrequently found my thoughts wandering from the dry textbook to contemplate by the aid of memory the features and form of this little girl.
After I completed my studies, I traveled in the west and expected to find a home in some western state, but not finding a place to suit me, together with the persuasions of that fair face, induced me to return.
I entered, as you know, actively into the pursuit of my profession with the determination to make at least a fair reputation and tried to withdraw my thought from everything else, but I found this little fairy constantly and pleasantly intruding into all my plans, whether of pleasure or interest. At this period she met me politely and respectfully but seemed to grow more distant, coy & reserved, so that I frequently thought that even the ordinary attentions of common politeness & courtesy were no special source of pleasure to her.
In a few instances when she has arrived at about the age of 15 this shyness and reserve seemed to be forgotten, and I would pass an hour or two in the enjoyment of her company with great pleasure to myself and I imagined with at least satisfaction, if not enjoyment, to her. I began to think that my happiness was identified with hers. I began to pay her special visits or at least seek opportunities by which I might be in her company. I sought her society on pleasure rides and thought it not a hardship to ride 65 miles in 24 hours if part of the time might be spent with her. She always exhibited or observed the decorum of modest reserve which might be construed into neither encouragement nor discouragement.
After the delibertation & reflection which I thought due to a matter which involved my happiness for life, I felt that her destiny and mine were probably intended to be united, and that all the adverse counsel which I could give myself could bring no objections. I felt that I ought both as a matter of duty and happiness give my whole life to her, who for 9 years had my attention and devotion, though concealed love.
After a few little billets and interviews, and with a full declaration of the love I desired to bestow, I received a measured and loving response and was made most happy in the anticipation of the celebration of the nuptials fixed at some 6 months hence. This time glided nicely & happily, though not too rapidly, away from me. The hours of leisure were spent with her and my visits were always welcomed with that cordial welcome, that maiden modesty, so much to be admired. Tis true that on one occasion she did rest her elbow upon my knee and look with confidential pleasure in my face and made me realize that indeed I had her whole heart.
Suffice it to say, the happy day of our marriage arrived and since then, hours, days, and years of time, confidence & happiness passed rapidly away, and only to make us feel that happy as were the hours of youthful days, they compare not with those of later years and perhaps even these may not be equal to that which is in reserve for us.
I dont know how much pleasure it affords you to go over these days of the past, but to me they will ever be remembered as days of felicity. And how happy the thought that years increase the affection & esteem we have for each other to love & be loved. May it ever be so, and may I ever be a husband worthy of your warmest affections. May I make you happy and in so doing be made happy in return. A sweet kiss and embrace to your greeting.
But maybe you will say it looks ridiculous to see a man getting grayhaired to be writing love letters, so I will use the remnant of my paper otherwise...

Yours affectionately H Black letter #3


This letter does not have a specific name to it, but it is known that the man writing it is writing to his wife from "Camp Same Place", in March of 1865. He talks about his day to day life in the war as well as how much he loves and misses her.


Camp Same Place March 30th 1865
I wrote U last my Darling wife night before last about the letter in yesterday to Hill, and I would have written again last night but I did not get home until very late and having to get up at daylight this morning to ride across the river to Rice’s Turnout on the Railroad to meet Gen Pendleton. I was afraid of oversleeping myself if I sat up to write to you. This morning I got up at day and rode over without breakfast in a pouring rain to meet Gen. P. He did not come himself owing to affairs at Petersburg where there is considerable stir but sent one of his staff with whom I had a three hour talk on business matters and then came back and have just finished my breakfast. I wish so much Darling that U could have taken breakfast with me for I know U wd have enjoyed it mightily. Gibbes gave me a shad yesterday- a fine fat fellow and I had a piece of him and plenty of splendid cornbread and being hungry I appreciated it highly. I did want to help my Darling Little Woman, tho, to a piece of shad very, very much and wouldnt have begrudged her the whole breakfast. Oh Darling my heart yearns after you by day and night and if U could only look into it and see how it is filled with love of my own Benie I know you could but feel happy in it. I love to think too my Dearest that your heart is equally devoted to me for U have showing it not only in words but in many an hour of suffering for my sake. It is not thrown away upon an ungrateful heart Darling Wife for altho I may not be the best of husbands, I certainly love as warmly as ever one did. Oh if I could only see U and be with you to watch and comfort U in your suffering and on your sick bed I know it would be a relief to you- even if I could do no more than to hold your poor little hand. When I think of your trial I long so to be with U just to do that. I know it would link our souls to each other more closely than ever. I can love U however, Darling, as devotedly when away from from you and when with U, so take comfort from that thought wh. greatly comforts me. I long to see the children too very very much and I often try to imagine what they are doing and how they are looking. There will be a great change in them all before I see them again. You don’t know the love I bear your sweet little namesake, our eldest born, whom you brought to me at Gainesville that cold night all wrapped up in a bundle and in whom our earliest and fondest parental affections are centred. Her place in my heart is second to but one and that one is the place held by the Dear Woman whose hand I took one night long ago in a far country and told my dearest “secret” to. Oh Darling what happy hour have resulted from that night and tho. our present status seems a hard one yest when we think we can only be grateful for our lot- I took dinner- yesterday with Jennie who has returned from Petersburg. She sent U a great deal of love and sympathy. Augustin is moving Mary to Fredbg, Richd being too expensive.  Mrs. Jeff Davis and various high official ladies have gone south and I expect Lou and Sallie will start today also. I heard from Dudley yesterday or day before all right. I would have gone in to see them this afternoon but for the hard rain wh. has been falling all day. It will probably stop the operations commenced on the night. It is rumored that Sheridan has started on another raid. Last night there was a heavy cannonade at Petersburg and we could see from my tent the shells bursting in the air and the sky constantly lit by the flashes of the guns. Kiss all the dear little ones for me and give my love to all. May God ever bless and keep U all Dear wife and children and soon restore us to each other ever prays. Your loving husband.
I wrote to Aunt Susan yesterday by Nummie. letter #4
This letter is written from a soldier named Henry to Maggie. From a hospital in Nashville Tennesse in May of 1863. He talks about how he hopes she understands his letters are intended to symbolize more than friendship.
May 7th 1863
Dear Maggie!
Once more with great pleasure I embrace a few moments to write you a short letter. I wrote to you a short time since and shortly after I started mine I received a very kind letter from you. It seems that all our letters pass each other on the road. "speck" they say "How do you do" or make use of some familiar phrase.
Wish the writers could meet as often as their letters do. strange wish, "ain't" it. and not very strange neither. You know we can't refrain from wishing, but I wish that our wishes could come to pass. Oh! Maggie! I have written so often to you that I expect you are getting wearied reading my disinterested letters. but let me assure you it is not so with me. Your letters are received by me with the greatest pleasure, and a beating heart always waits a reply. I have written a good many letters to other girls. Letters of friendship, but those I write to you. I want you to receive them for more than mere friendship. For let me say that your memory is ever dear to me and if we never again meet on Earth I shall ever Cherish the fond remembrance of Thee, and think of the pleasant hours passed in your society, but let me indulge the hope that we may again meet ere long.
I cannot yet see much sign of the war Closing but I always try to hope fo the Best.
I suppose You was a thousand times glad to welcome the returns of your soldier Brothers.
I imagine I see Maggie when she first got a peep of Nixon. I want you to give me the particulars of your first meeting. I was glad to hear of Nixon getting his discharge. I received a letter from him when he was about ready to start home. I was somewhat surprised when I received the news of his going but he did his duty in the army. And I know his discharge is an honorable one. I have not yet answered his last letter. And I beleive I will wait till I get a letter from him at home if he has not yet written tell him I want him to write immediately.
A great many left no. 12 day before yesterday for Louisville. I could have gone had I so desired but I thought it not a very desirable place from Nixons description of affairs there. We have a new surgeon in Charge. He is quite a young man + I presume a very fine man + skillful Physician but I must stop. Now dont forget to write often. I will pledge myself to answer Your letters immediately on their reception if you will do the same "Aint" that fair?
Well goodbye Dear Maggie hoping to hear from you soon.
I am every Yours
sincerely
Henry
farewell oh no it cannot be
Direct as before letter #5


The common theme amongst these letters is that they are all from soldiers during the Civil War writing back home to a girl whom they love or are attracted to. During this time letters were the only way soldiers were able to communicate with people from back home and this meant in order to keep in touch with loved ones or girlfriends, they must write letters. In modern days we are so used to responses immediately though texting or calling, how would having to wait days to get just a page of writing affect your ability to maintain a relationship? How would being away from loved ones for so long affect a relationship?

Sunday, September 16, 2018

13th Amendment

13th Amendment 
1) "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." Section 1: The 13th Amendment The 13th Amendment was ratified on December 6, 1865. 
2) The 13th amendment officially abolished slavery in the United States but the emancipation proclamation was one of the first steps towards freeing slaves. emancipation vs amendment  

Tuesday, September 11, 2018

US History - Flag Research

US History - Flag Research
      I found that the flag was established on June 14, 1777, and the flags true origins are unknown. Flag-Wikipedia The flag originally had 13 stripes and 13 stars to represent the 13 colonies. The flag continued to evolve according to the addition of states. The addition of states had affected the number of stars on the flag. The white stripes represent purity and innocence, the red stripe represents hardiness and valor, and the blue represents the color of the chief. The stars were originally arranged in a circle to symbolize the unity of the union, like a ring. State Symbols USA I found that the stars and stripes are a symbol of the states, however, the flag itself is a symbol of unity in America. I found that a common nickname for the flag is "Old Glory", it was given this name because sea captain William Driver named it this after flying it on his ship. Flag Day Facts I believe that it is generally understood throughout our culture that the flag is a respected object because we tend to encourage actions such as standing or taking off your hat or having your hand over your heart when singing the national anthem and facing the flag. I don't believe that the flag itself is controversial but I do think certain action regarding the flag can be seen as controversial such as allowing a flag to touch the ground, not carrying it properly, or burning a flag are seen as disrespectful. Ways People Disrespect the Flag

Sources:
Flag-Wikipedia : I used this source to find out about the flag and its origin.
State Symbols USA  : I used this source to find information about the symbolism behind the flag
Flag Day Facts : I used this source to find out information about where the nickname "Old Glory" came from.
Ways People Disrespect the Flag : I used this source to find out common ways people often disrespect the flag. 






Tuesday, September 4, 2018

US History - Introduction to the Text: America's History. 9th Edition

US History - Introduction to the Text
The Declaration of Independence

1) The Declaration of Independence is covered in chapter 5, part 3, pages 167-168,185. 
2) This topic is under the heading of Violence East and West, and the subheading titled Independence declared. 
3) The text is discussing this topic by describing the colonist's emotions that caused them to write the Declaration of Independence. The book is discussing this because the Declaration of Independence is an extremely important piece of US history.
4) I learned more specific details about my event such as who was involved, and their relation to the writing of the declaration.
8) The purpose of today's work was to learn more about the Declaration of Independence while also learning more about the textbook and how to properly cite it. 

Semester II Final

Part A 1)  Before doing any research, I predict the three most highly ranked presidents in US history will be Ronald Reagan, Barack Obama,...